Examining the Morality and Ethics of Genetic Engineering in Humans

A huge leap for mankind: an experiment that consisted of inserting DNA from one bacteria to another, prompting the ability to prevent, treat, or cure various inherited genetic disorders—from asthma and anemia to sickle-cell disease and cystic fibrosis—but beneath one of the most revolutionary scientific discoveries lies unforeseen consequences that are now the subject of an endless debate that question the morality and the ethics of genetic engineering.

Genetic engineering, without stringent regulations, is ethically problematic due to concerns about social inequality, unforeseen consequences, and the ethical boundary of manipulating fundamental aspects of human nature, concurrent with the mass implication of genetic engineering.

What is Genetic Engineering?

In 1973, two eccentric biochemists, Herbert Boyer and Stanley Cohen, developed the first model of genetic engineering by inserting the DNA of one bacteria into a second bacteria and essentially changing the biological makeup of the second bacteria. Nearly a decade later the first genetically modified product, using human insulin to treat diabetes, was approved and administered.

Genetic engineering is defined by the National Human Genome Research Institute as "a process that uses laboratory-based technologies to alter the DNA makeup of an organism". This could involve altering a single base pair of genomes, deleting a region of DNA, or adding a new segment of DNA.

Genetic engineering holds promise in agriculture and medical fields, with potential solutions to disease resistance and the development of novel therapies; it also holds the capability to alter the characteristics of a child with gene editing, known as "designer babies", prompting various ethical concerns.

Ethical Concerns

Genetic engineering holds various unpredictable and haphazard risks as well as ethical problematic potential. "Designer babies", with genetically engineered physical characteristics, can prospectively heighten and escalate existing social disparities and issues.

According to a study at the University of Maryland on the societal impact of gene editing, "Genetically engineered organisms pose an enormous risk to human society on a lethal and economic front."

Initially, genetic engineering technology requires advanced infrastructure and expertise, making it primarily available to wealthier and affluent individuals, even in healthcare use, widening the gap between the wealthy and the impoverished. With racial and ethnic discrimination and prejudice still prevalent in society, "designer babies" could increase the risk of discrimination and lead to employment discrimination and social stigmatization.

A Balanced Approach

While the moral and ethical concerns surrounding genetic engineering in humans are undeniably valid and merit careful consideration, it's crucial to adopt a balanced approach that acknowledges both its potential benefits and challenges. It is imperative to recognize that ethical dilemmas are not insurmountable barriers but rather obstacles that can be navigated through regulation and responsible usage.

The prospective medical opportunities of genetic engineering are undeniably groundbreaking and have much potential to change the world and improve the lives of many. Through the implementation of stringent guidelines and educational initiatives, we can mitigate risks and ensure that genetic engineering upholds human dignity.

Conclusion

As we grapple with the intricate realm of genetic engineering in humans, we stand at a crossroads where the boundaries of morality blur and the essence of our humanity hangs in the balance. While the allure of scientific progress offers us promises of revolutionary medical advancements, we must pause to consider the ethical concerns and complexities that accompany these pursuits.

By embracing a balanced perspective that acknowledges both the potential benefits and ethical challenges, we can chart a course towards responsible innovation that honors human dignity and preserves the integrity of our collective humanity. The scientific world in its quest to better the world must tread this path with reverence and mindfulness, guided by a steadfast commitment to ethical principles.